Molecular Cloud

Also in the interstellar cloud, in the region where especially density is high, since a stellar light does not arrive to an inside, hydrogen is in the molecule state. Moreover, other chemical elements exist by molecules, such as CO, NH3, and H2O. For this reason, the interstellar cloud with such high density are called Molecular Cloud.

It is difficult to detect a hydrogen molecule directly. However, since molecules, such as CO, emit a respectively characteristic spectrum line, we can observe them and can investigate the character of molecular clouds.

Although dark nebula which often interrupts the light of the star of a background is seen in a photograph of a star, this dark nebula is just molecular cloud. It is thought that a star is produced in such molecular cloud.

星間雲の中でも,とくに密度の高い領域では, 星の光が内部まで届かないため,水素は分子状態になっています (星の光が当たると,その紫外線成分によって,水素分子は水素原子に解離します). また他の元素も, 一酸化炭素COやアンモニアNH3や水分子H2Oなど, 分子で存在するため, このような密度の高い星間雲を分子雲(molecular cloud)と呼びます.

水素分子を直接検出するのは難しいのですが, 一酸化炭素分子など他の分子は, それぞれ特徴的なスペクトル線を放出するので, それらを観測して,分子雲の性質を調べることができます.

典型的な分子雲は, サイズが1-10パーセク(pc)程度,密度は103-106個cm-3, 温度は10Kくらいです. これから典型的な質量は,太陽の100倍から10000倍くらいになります. また分子雲の中には,質量が太陽の10万倍にも達する巨大なものもあり, 巨大分子雲(giant molecular cloud)と呼ばれています. 天体写真では,しばしば背景の星の光を遮る暗黒星雲 (dark nebula)というものが見られますが, このような暗黒星雲がまさに分子雲なのです.

星は,このような分子雲の中で生まれると考えられています.

Detailed Explanation of Molecular Cloud


Nearby Cloud
Nearby Molecular Clouds in R2-1/1-0
Molecular Clouds in Taurus and Orion
Molecular Clouds in Cepheus and Cassiopeia
Molecular Cloud in Camelopardalis
Molecular Clouds in Taurus, Auriga and Perseus

Giant Molecular Cloud
Orion Giant Molecular Cloud
Sgr B2
Carina Flare
RC03, RC06, RC27, RC44
IC1396
Vela Molecular Cloud
Molecular Cloud Associated with S140
30 Dor Molecular Clouds
S35, S37
Molecular Clouds in the Southern HII Regions

Dark Cloud
Corona Australis Molecular Cloud
Molecular Clouds in Lupus, Scorpius and Norma
Pipe Nebula
Molecular Cloud in Aquila
Barnard1
Chamaeleon Molecular Cloud
Coalsack Dark Cloud
Taurus Molecular Cloud


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